Protein intake is associated with lean mass and femur bone mass in individuals with rheumatic diseases from the NHANES cohort
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51224/SRXIV.325Keywords:
rheumatic conditions, lifestyle, dietary habits, musculoskeletal health, glucocorticoid therapyAbstract
Background/Objectives: Strategies to protect musculoskeletal health in individuals with rheumatic diseases (RDs) are of utmost importance. Optimizing protein intake is one such potential strategy. The aim of this investigation was to explore the relationship between protein intake and muscle and bone masses in individuals with rheumatic diseases, using data from the NHANES database.
Method: Relevant data were extracted from six NHANES cycles, providing a total sample of 4,122 individuals with varying RDs (psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and gout). Potential confounding variables and their relationship to outcomes of interest were visualized using directed acyclic graphs. Outcomes of interest were lean and bone mass, measured at the whole-body, femur and lumbar spine by DXA. Multivariable regression models adjusted for potential confounding variables (body mass, sex, age, disease category and total caloric intake) were used.
Results: There was a small positive association between protein intake and muscle mass, both when protein was considered in absolute values (grams) (β=0.08 (95%CI 0.04-0.14), p-value=0.0002) or when relative to body mass (g/kgBM/d) (β=0.05 (95%CI 0.02-0.08), p-value=0.0036). A positive relationship was also shown between protein intake and femur BMD, but only when protein was considered in absolute values (β=0.08 (95%CI 0.03-0.14), p-value=0.0024).
Conclusion: Protein intake might have a relevant role in improving muscle, and potentially bone, mass in individuals with RD, although effects seem to be small. These findings pave the way for future randomized controlled trials to assess the role of increased protein intake on bone and muscle mass in patients with RD.
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References
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